Nonlocal magnon transconductance in extended magnetic insulating films. II. Two-fluid behavior

Authors: R. Kohno, K. An, E. Clot, V. V. Naletov, N. Thiery, L. Vila, R. Schlitz, N. Beaulieu, J. Ben Youssef, A. Anane, V. Cros, H. Merbouche, T. Hauet, V. E. Demidov, S. O. Demokritov, G. de Loubens, O. Klein

This paper presents a comprehensive study of the spatial dispersion of propagating magnons electrically emitted in extended yttrium-iron garnet (YIG) films by the spin transfer effects across a $\mathrm{YIG}|\mathrm{Pt}$ interface. Our goal is to provide a generic framework to describe the magnon transconductance inside magnetic films. We experimentally elucidate the relevant spectral contributions by studying the lateral decay of the magnon signal. While most of the injected magnons do not reach the collector, the propagating magnons can be split into two fluids: (i) a large fraction of high-energy magnons carrying energy of about $k_B{T}_0$, where $T_0$ is the lattice temperature, with a characteristic decay length in the submicrometer range, and (ii) a small fraction of low-energy magnons, which are particles carrying energy of about $\hslash {\omega }_K$, where ${\omega }_K/\left(2\pi \right)$ is the Kittel frequency, with a characteristic decay length in the micrometer range. Taking advantage of their different physical properties, the low-energy magnons can become the dominant fluid (i) at large spin transfer rates for the bias causing the emission of magnons, (ii) at large distance from the emitter, (iii) at small film thickness, or (iv) for reduced band mismatch between the YIG below the emitter and the bulk due to variation of the magnon concentration. This broader picture complements a companion paper [R. Kohno et al., Phys. Rev. B 108, 144410 (2023)], which focuses solely on the nonlinear transport properties of low-energy magnons.